Howard Gardner Multiple intelligences
A- Introduction :
The idea of multiple intelligences is a theory proposed by Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner. When you hear the word intelligence, the concept of IQ testing may right now come to mind. Intelligence is often described as our intellectual potential; something we are born with, something that can be measured, and an ability that is difficult to change.
In current years, however, other views of talent have emerged, including Gardner’s recommendation that multiple types of intelligence may exist.
Over the previous few decades, research in the area of learning has led to the discovery of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences. In short, this idea states that each individual has different approaches to learning and special intelligence they use in their daily lives. While some can research very well in linguistically-based surroundings (reading and writing), others are better taught via mathematical-logic-based learning. Still, others benefit most from body-kinesthetic intelligence (learning by doing with the hands).
Each individual possesses each talent to an extent, but there is usually a primary, or more dominant, intelligence. The work on a couple of intelligence began in the early 1980s with Howard Gardner, and the research continues.
B- Definition Of Multiple Intelligences :
Multiple Intelligence is a principle that proposes the differentiation of human intelligence into positive modalities of intelligence. This theory goes against the norm of defining intelligence as the usage of a single, general ability. However, the concept has been criticized for its lack of empirical evidence.
Howard Gardner proposed the theory of more than one intelligence. According to him, an intelligence modality needs to fulfill eight criteria. These criteria are possible for brain isolation via brain damage, place in evolutionary history, presence of core operations, susceptibility to encoding, a distinct developmental progression, the existence of wonderful people or prodigies, help from experimental psychology, and psychometric findings.
This theory has emerged from current research on metacognition. According to it, we can understand the world in eight different ways. The common methods of manifesting talent are musical-rhythmic and harmonic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, existential, and additional intelligence.
C- Theory Of Multiple Intelligences:
This concept suggests that traditional psychometric views of the brain are too limited. Gardner first outlined his theory in his 1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, where he recommended that all people have special kinds of “intelligence.”
Gardner proposed that there are eight intelligences, and has advised the possible addition of a ninth recognized as “existentialist intelligence.”
While a person would possibly be particularly strong in a specific area, such as musical intelligence, he or she most probably possesses a range of abilities. For example, a man or woman might be strong in verbal, musical, and naturalistic intelligence.
Some Serious Criticism:
Gardner’s theory has come under criticism from each psychologist and educator. These critics argue that Gardner’s definition of intelligence is too vast and that his eight different “intelligence” clearly represent talents, personality traits, and abilities. Gardner’s theory additionally suffers from a lack of supporting empirical research.
Despite this, the concept of multiple intelligences enjoys extensive popularity with educators. Many teachers utilize a couple of intelligence in their teaching philosophies and work to combine Gardner’s theory into the classroom
There is a lack of proof to demonstrate that mastering according to your “intelligence” produces better educational outcomes. However, you may additionally find that learning more about multiple intelligences can give you a higher understanding of your strengths and preferences.
D- There are 8 Types of Multiple Intelligence :
Below, We Understand 8 Multiple Intelligence One By One In accordingly.
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Naturalist- Intelligence
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Spatial-Visual Intelligence
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Musical Intelligence
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Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
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Verbal Linguistic Intelligence
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Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence
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Existential Intelligence
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Intrapersonal Intelligence
1- Naturalist- Intelligence:
Naturalistic is the most latest addition to Gardner’s theory and has been met with extra resistance than his original seven intelligences. According to Gardner, persons who are high in this kind of intelligence are greater in tune with nature and are often fascinated by nurturing, exploring the environment, and learning about different species. These individuals are stated to be highly conscious of even subtle adjustments to their environments.
Some Characteristics Of Naturalist- Intelligence
- Are involved in subjects such as botany, biology, and zoology
- Categorize and catalog facts easily
- Enjoy camping, gardening, hiking, and exploring the outdoors
- Dislikes learning unfamiliar subjects that have no connection to nature
2- Spatial-Visual Intelligence:
People who are strong in visual-spatial intelligence are excellent at visualizing things. These individuals are regularly good with directions as well as maps, charts, videos, and pictures
Visual media assist students gather concrete concepts, such as object identification, spatial relationship, or motor skills.
Some Characteristics Of Spatial- Visual Intelligence
- Read and write for enjoyment
- Are excellent at putting puzzles together
- Interpret pictures, graphs, and charts well
- Enjoy drawing, painting, and the visual arts
- Recognize patterns easily
3. Musical Intelligence:
People who have strong musical intelligence are true at thinking in patterns, rhythms, and sounds. They have a Perfect appreciation for the tune and are often excellent at musical composition and performance
Sound media offer a stimulus for sound attention or recall. Audio narration is a useful device for students who warfare with reading.
Some Characteristics Of Musical Intelligence
- Enjoy singing and playing musical instruments
- Recognize musical patterns and tones easily
- Remember songs and melodies
- Have a rich perception of musical structure, rhythm, and notes
4. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence:
People who are strong in logical-mathematical intelligence are excellent at reasoning, recognizing patterns, and logically analyzing problems. These persons tend to suppose conceptually about numbers, relationships, and patterns The ability to think conceptually and abstractly, and the capacity to discern logical or numerical patterns.
Some Characteristics Of Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
- Have top-notch problem-solving skills
- Enjoy thinking about abstract ideas
- Like conducting scientific experiments
- Can solve complicated computations
5. Verbal Linguistic Intelligence:
People who are strong in linguistic-verbal intelligence are capable to use words well, each when writing and speaking. These individuals are usually very good at writing stories, memorizing information, and studying. Well-developed verbal capabilities and sensitivity to the sounds, meanings, and rhythms of words.
Some Characteristics Of Verbal Linguistic Intelligence
- Remember written and spoken information
- Enjoy analyzing and writing
- Debate or give persuasive speeches
- Are in a position to explain things well
- Use humor when telling stories
6- Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence:
Those who have excessive bodily-kinesthetic intelligence are said to be good at body movement, performing actions, and physical control. People who are strong in this area have a tendency to have excellent hand-eye coordination and dexterity. The capability to control one’s physique movements and to take care of objects skillfully.
Some Characteristics Of Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence
- Are expert at dancing and sports
- Enjoy creating matters with his or her hands
- Have excellent physical coordination
- Remember by doing, rather than hearing or seeing
7. Existential Intelligence:
Existential talent is the ninth type of intelligence suggested as an addition to Gardner’s unique theory. He described existential intelligence as the potential to delve into deeper questions about life and existence. People with this kind of intelligence contemplate the “big” questions about topics such as the means of life and how movements can serve larger goals.
Some Characteristics Of Existential Intelligence
- Have a long-term outlook
- Consider how present-day actions affect future outcomes
- Interest in questions about the meaning of lifestyles and death
- Strong interest and problems with others
- The ability to see conditions from an outside point of view
8- Intrapersonal Intelligence:
Individuals who are strong in intrapersonal intelligence are excellent at being aware of their personal emotional states, feelings, and motivations. They tend to experience self-reflection and analysis, including daydreaming, exploring relationships with others, and assessing their personal strengths.
Some Characteristics Of Intrapersonal Intelligence
- Analyze their strengths and weaknesses well
- Enjoy inspecting theories and ideas
- Have excellent self-awareness
- Understand the groundwork for his or her own motivations and emotions
E- How Class Room Affects In Multiple Intelligence
Educators have positively replied to Gardner’s theory. It has been embraced by a variety of educational theorists and, significantly, utilized by teachers and policymakers to the problems of schooling. Many faculties in North America have sought to structure curricula according to intelligence and to design classrooms—even total schools—to reflect the understandings that Howard Gardner develops.
All intelligence is wanted to live existence well. Teachers, therefore, need to attend to all intelligence, now not just the first two of verbal-linguistic or mathematical-logical intelligence, which has traditionally taken precedence.