TYPE OF POLITICAL PARTIES
There are three kinds of party systems in the world –
(1) One Party System :-
In one-party system one ruling party exists and no opposition is permitted, example-China.
(2) Two-Party System :-
some country’s power usually changes between two main parties. other parties may exist, contest elections and win a few seats, but only the two main parties have a serious chance of winning majority of seats to form government. Example- UK and USA .
(3) Multi-Party System :-
In multi-party system ,there are a number of political parties leading to the formation of coalition governments . Example- India, France , Switzerland and Italy.
The Election Commission registers political parties for the purpose of elections and grants them recognition as National or State Parties or the basis of their poll performance .other parties are simply declared as registered and unrecognized parties. This review system is again done after every 10 years. The recognition granted by the Commission to the parties which determine their right to certain privileges like allocation of the party symbols, Provision of time for political broadcasts on the state-owned television.
Every National Party ‘s allotted a symbol exclusively reserved for its use throughout the country. Similarly, every State Party is allotted a symbol exclusively reserved for its use in the State or States in which it is so recognized . A Registered- Unrecognized Party, on the other hand, can select a symbol from a list of free symbols.
CONDITION FOR RECOGNIZATION OF A NATIONAL PARTY
party is recognized as a national party , if any of these following condition are fulfilled :-
1.If it secures six per cent of valid votes polled in any four or more States at a general election to the Legislative Assembly or to the Lok Sabha and it wins four seats in the Lok Sabha from any States .
- If it is recognize as a State party in 4 States.
- If it wins two percent of seats in the Lok Sabha at a general election and these candidates are elected from at least three States .
CONDITION FOR RECOGNIZATION OF A STATE PARTY
party is recognized as a State Party in a State if any of the following conditions is fulfilled:-
- If it secures six percent of the valid votes polled in the State at a general election to the Legislative Assembly(LA) of the State concerned, it wins 2 seats in the assembly of the State concerned
- If it secures six percent of the valid votes polled in the State at a general election to the Lok Sabha from the state concerned; and it wins 1 seat in the Lok Sabha from the state concerned.
DEPOSIT AND NOMINATION
1.A candidate has to make a deposit of Rs.25000 for the Lok Sabha election and Rs.10,000 for the state legislative assembly election, except for the SC and ST who pay half of these account.